VEHICLE BRAKE SYSTEM DIAGNOSTICS

Abstract

At the beginning of the development of motor vehicles, special attention was paid to the dynamism and resistance of the construction. The reason for this is relatively low speeds and mostly bad roads. With further improvements in the construction and construction of better roads, there is an increase in speed, but also an increase in traffic intensity, so the issues of traffic safety come to the fore, and thus the operational and technical properties of handling, stability and softness. The intensity of traffic flows on the streets and roads requires from each driver full concentration and readiness to perform appropriate maneuvers with his vehicle at any time in order to change the speed or direction of movement in accordance with the requirements set by the traffic situation. The construction and technical condition of the vehicle itself in modern traffic conditions must meet the requirements of movement in which the vehicle is required to be able to change the direction and speed well and quickly according to the driver's wishes, with minimal energy consumption. When braking in the event of a sudden danger, it is necessary to ensure a minimum braking distance (maximum deceleration) without loss of stability (drift) of the vehicle. Braking in the event of a sudden danger is very important because it determines safe movement, although it is used very rarely (3-5% of the total number of brakes). As important as it is for the vehicle to stop safely in certain conditions, it is so important that it does not lose its stability during braking, ie that it moves along the line dictated by the driver. During heavy braking, the vehicle often becomes unstable, which can cause severe consequences. Stability is lost when braking is performed at the adhesion limits on one or both axles of the vehicle. The paper deals with the braking system as one of the most important systems from the aspect of traffic safety. The braking system is one of the most important systems on a motor vehicle, if not the most important. It enables us to participate safely in traffic so that we do not endanger our safety or the safety of other traffic participants. This system allows us to avoid dangerous situations that happen every day in traffic, so this system is given the greatest attention to avoid possible cancellations and endangering other road users. Three ways of calculating the deceleration depending on whether we have deceleration data or not are explained. The procedure for calculating the braking coefficient and braking dynamics is discussed, where the laws of movement of the braked vehicle, deceleration, time and braking distance are predicted. Depending on the type of vehicle, in practice it is possible to brake only with the wheels of the front axle, the wheels of the rear axle only or to brake with all wheels, so the paper also shows the braking forces for these three cases.