MICROBIOLOGICAL ISOLATES IN PATIENTS WITH ARTERIAL TRAUMA
Keywords:
Arterial trauma, Surgical site infection, Bacterial isolatesAbstract
Arterial trauma is rare, but important part of vascular pathology. It can lead to invalidization and even death of patients in active age. Because of the contact between the wound and external factors the risk of infections is very high.
Aim: To explore bacterial etiology in patients with vascular trauma and evidences for surgical site infection /SSI/.
Materials and methods: The study is retrospective, conducted in the period January 2019 December 2021. Sixty five patients with arterial trauma are included, of which 11 were with clinical evidences for surgical site infection several days after the reconstruction. Microbiological methods obtaining pure culture from the samples, identification of the bacteria (MALDI TOF, Vitec 2 Compact), antibiotic resistance is explored with Bauer Kirby disk diffusion method.
Results: Patients with SSI were between 27 and 62 years old, 9 (81.8%) of them were male and 2 (18.2%) female. According to the type of trauma 5 (45.4%) of included cases were conquasations, 4 (36.3%) cut wounds, 1(9%) lacerated wound, 1 (9%) gunshot wound. In 3(27.3%) of the cases an amputation after vascular reconstruction was conducted. Twenty three wound secrets were obtained, of which 6 (26.1%) were sterile, 15 (65.2%) were monoisloates and 1 (4.3%) polyisolate. Gram positive bacteria were discovered in 8 (47%) of the cases and Gram
negative in 9 (53%). The most comman isolate was Acinetobacter baumannii 5 (29.4%), followed by Enterococcus faecalis 3 (17.6%), Enterobacter cloacae 2 (11.7%), Coagolasa negative staphilococci 2 (11.7%), Staphylococcus aureus 1 (5.9%), Escherichia coli 1 (5.9%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa 1 (5.9%), Streptococcus pyogenes 1 (5.9%), Stenotrophomonas maltophilia 1 (5.9%). Twelve (70.6%) of all 17 isolates were problematic in terms of antimicrobial resistance.
Conclusion: From all of the suspected SSIs cases, 8 (12,3%) of the patients were with proven bacterial cause. Three of them were Enterobacteriaceae spp. and 3 nonfermentative Gram negative bacteria.
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