EFFECT OF MICROBIOLOGICAL PREPARATION ON NUMBER AND WEIGHT OF NODULAS IN DIFFERENT SOYBEAN GENOTYPES IN SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION SYSTEM

Authors

  • Marija Bajagić University Bijeljina, Faculty of Agriculture, Bosnia and Herzegovina
  • Gorica Cvijanović Institute of Information Technologies University Kragujevac Serbia
  • Vojin Cvijanović Institute for Science Application in Agriculture, Serbia
  • Nemanja Stošić Academy of applied studies Šabac, Serbia
  • Vera Rašković Academy of applied studies Šabac, Serbia

Keywords:

soybean, effective microorganisms, number of nodules, mass of nodules

Abstract

In the 21st century, agriculture faces great problems. It is necessary to produce enough food for the growing population in conditions of declining arable agricultural land and major climate change. This leads to the intensification of agricultural production, which endangers the elements of the environment. Due to the growing needs for the production of safe food, the system of sustainable agricultural production is the most accepted in the world. Soybean is a plant species, which due to the chemical composition of grains (40% protein, 20-23% oil), satisfies 2/3 of the world's protein needs and 1/3 of the oil needs. In addition to protein and oil, soybeans contain easily digestible amino acids, fatty acids and minerals, and soybean is considered a food and medicine. Thanks to these properties, it is very common in the food and pharmaceutical industries, in the production of animal feed and in human nutrition. In sustainable agriculture, soybeans play a significant role in protecting the environment from the possible occurrence of excess nitrogen and in preserving soil fertility. The agrotechnical significance of soybeans stems from its genetic ability to live in symbiosis with nodule bacteria, which fix atmospheric nitrogen. The process of biological nitrogen fixation is very important because in this way 200 kg ha-1 is fixed per year. It is necessary to inoculate soybean seeds before sowing with microbiological fertilizers containing highly active strains of Rhizobium/Bradyrhizobium bacteria. Symbiotic relationship with soybean is created by different groups of symbiotic bacteria (Bradyrhizobium japonicum, Bradyrhizobium elkani and Sinorhizobium fredi). In this way, soybean plants satisfy 70% of their nitrogen needs, so only initial pre-sowing fertilization with 30-40 kgNha-1 is necessary for plant nutrition. The success of nodulation depends on the compatible ratio of plants and bacteria, soil pH, pre-culture, water-air properties of the soil, applied agro-technical measures, etc. The aim of the research was to examine the effect of the application of a microbiological preparation with effective microorganisms on the number and mass of nodules in the period 2016 and 2017 (factor A). Four soybean cultivars from two groups of grains were used for sowing: 0 (Galina and Valjevka) and I (Sava and NS Apolo) (factor B). Fertilization treatments (Factor C): T0 - control, inoculation of seeds with NS Nitragin, T1 - T0 + 32 kgNha-1 (NPK 8:15:15 + 3% Ca + 9% S in the amount of 400 kg ha-1), T2 - T1 + effective microorganisms (EM Aktiv - trade name). The application of EM Aktiva was by incorporation before sowing in the amount of 20 l ha-1 in relation to water 1:10 and two foliar treatments in the phase of plant development from three to four trefoils and budding phase, in the amount of 6 l ha-1 in relation to water 1.5:100). EM Aktiv is a liquid microbiological fertilizer that contains over 80 different aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, fungi and yeasts. Fertilizer contains products of life activity of microorganisms (hormones, antibiotics, amino acids, indole-3-acetic acid and other stimulants of plant and root growth). Effective microorganisms (EM) represent the future in sustainable agriculture. Effective microorganisms (EM) represent the future in sustainable agriculture. In the phenophase of flowering, the number of nodules and the mass of nodules per plant were determined. Data were processed statistically by the method of analysis of variance by the method of two-factor split-plot experiments, and the significance of differences between treatments was tested by LSD test in the program DSAASTAT Statistics 2011. The examined variables had different effects on the examined parameters. Factor A and T2 treatment in factor B had a statistically highly significant effect (p<0.01) on the number and mass of nodules in both years. The use of effective microorganisms increased the number of nodules by 199.16% compared to the control, and the mass of nodules by 62.5%. Based on the nodulation index, it can be concluded that the nodulation in the T1 treatment (4.70) was weak, while in the T2 treatment (7.15) it was of medium intensity.

Author Biographies

Nemanja Stošić, Academy of applied studies Šabac, Serbia

Unit for Agricultural and Business Studies and Tourism, Serbia

Vera Rašković, Academy of applied studies Šabac, Serbia

Unit for Agricultural and Business Studies and Tourism, Serbia

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Published

2022-03-30

How to Cite

Bajagić, M., Cvijanović, G., Cvijanović, V., Stošić, N., & Rašković, V. (2022). EFFECT OF MICROBIOLOGICAL PREPARATION ON NUMBER AND WEIGHT OF NODULAS IN DIFFERENT SOYBEAN GENOTYPES IN SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION SYSTEM. KNOWLEDGE - International Journal , 51(3), 471–476. Retrieved from https://ikm.mk/ojs/index.php/kij/article/view/5136

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