THE ROLE OF NEONATOLOGISTS IN MONITORING THE EARLY PSYCHOMOTOR DEVELOPMENT OF CHILDREN
Keywords:
Birth trauma, newborn, long term medical treatmentAbstract
Birth trauma in a newborn is a particular problem in the daily professional work of neonatologists for several reasons.
On the one hand, it is necessary to react promptly in the delivery room and, above all, save the child's life, but at the same time with successful initial treatment, there is the problem of treating acute and then chronic consequences. On the other hand, there is a question mark in the minds of doctors about future psychomotor development and quality of life.
Birth trauma has a special significance in medical practice because it occurs at the very beginning of life, with a range of pathological conditions from a possible lethal outcome in the earliest period, through the occurrence of consequences that last throughout life until complete healing and orderly quality of life.
The prevalence of birth trauma in newborns is indicated by data from the literature (8 per 1000 births with a participation in mortality of 3.7 per 100,000 births). At the same time, there is a high frequency of treatment and hospitalization of these children, already during the first month of life, due to associated conditions such as jaundice, lack of weight gain due to feeding problems, convulsions and their equivalents, cyanosis crises, infections, etc. The increased need for hospital examination and treatment of newborns with birth trauma is shown by data from practice
in the Neonatology Section of the Health Centre of Vranje, where the birth trauma during the five year period from 2016 to 2021 was among the three leading discharge diagnoses in as many as 43,8% patients.
Treatment and then monitoring the physical and psychomotor development of children with birth trauma in the first year of life is one of the tasks of a neonatologist because he/she gets acquainted with the problem at birth, monitors the child during the period of the most intense physical and psychomotor development, and in case of and in case of deviations with the consultation and involvement of a multidisciplinary team, he/she monitors the child during the two years of life in the term newborn or three years of life in the premature newborn.
In order to minimize the negative implications of neonatal trauma, multidisciplinary cooperation of highly educated and self sacrificing staff of various specialties is necessary, because only proper perception of facts and their interpretation are the basis for reducing the incidence of birth trauma and mitigating the consequences that are manifested at a later age so that expensive and long term medical treatment of uncertain outcome would not be necessary.
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