CAPECITABIN IN COLORECTAL CANCER THERAPY-EFFECTS AND SIDE EFFECTS

Abstract

Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer in the world, after lung cancer on both sexes, breast cancer on women and prostate cancer onn men. If we look at the current incidence, an average of 6% of the world's population will develop colorectal cancer during their lifetime (1). On average, about 1,800,000 new cases are diagnosed annually, which is about 10.2% of all new cases in the world. In terms of mortality, 9.2% (881,000) of all cancer deaths are from this type of cancer. In the Republic of Serbia, colorectal cancer is on the second place in terms of frequency on both men and women, while in terms of mortality on men it is on the second place, while on women it is on the third place (2). With about 4,000 new cases per year in Serbia, colorectal cancer is a major socio-medical problem and is the main reason for the introduction of a national screening program for early detection of the disease. Patients with newly diagnosed colorectal cancer will develop metastatic disease in 50% of cases. In addition to surgery and radiotherapy (for rectal cancer), systemic therapy plays an important role in the treatment of colorectal cancer (3). The fact is that the same chemotherapeutic protocols used in the therapeutic treatment of colorectal cancer do not give the same therapeutic response in every patient. This is one of the main reasons for introducing personalized therapy for each patient individually. We are witnessing the existence of an increasing number of researches aimed to discover predictive markers that would indicate a favorable therapeutic response to the planned therapeutic treatment (4, 5, 6).
A 52-year-old patient, due to pain in the lower right part of her stomach, calls a doctor who hospitalizes her and diagnoses her with suspected appendicitis. Surgical treatment is performed, after which a definitive diagnosis of Ca appendicis is made. St post appendectomiam (2.VI/14. Vranje) At the end of May 2021 (seven years after the first operation), due to the appearance of blood in the stool which the patient reported to her doctor, a colonoscopy was performed and colon cancer was proven. After that hospitalization followed, then surgical treatment and finally a definitive diagnosis: Ca coeci. St post haemicolectomy l dex cum ileostomy terminalis. It was presented to the council which indicated further treatment with adjuvant systemic therapy according to the CAPOX protocol.