ECO-TEXTILES THROUGH SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

Authors

  • Miodrag Smelcerovic Academy of Vocational Studies Southern Serbia, Serbia

Keywords:

textile industry, eco-textile, sustainable process, toxic chemicals

Abstract

The textile industry is considered to be the most environmentally harmful industry in the world. Environmental problems in the textile industry occur during certain production processes and are transmitted directly to the finished product. In the process of textile production, in some phases, such as bleaching and then dyeing, each subsequent fabric produces toxic substances that burden our ecosystem. During production, the process of pollution control is as important as that the product is not toxic. The use of clothing for the region has contributed to faster depletion of forests and opened the door to the development of natural sustainable fibers such as organic fibers of cotton, hemp and bamboo. Petroleum-based products are harmful to the environment. 8,000 different chemicals are used in textiles, from dyes to auxiliary chemicals. Some of the substances are carcinogenic or can harm children in the prenatal phase, while others can trigger allergic reactions in some people. Water is used at every step in the process of transferring all the chemicals used during processing or for rinsing them before the next phase begins. The textile industry is one of the most chemically intensive industries on earth, and is the biggest water polluter after agriculture. Factories discharge millions of tons of wastewater each year, full of chemicals such as formaldehyde (HCHO), chlorine, heavy metals (such as lead and mercury), etc., which are significant causes of environmental degradation and human disease. Factory waste is also often high in temperature and pH, and both are known to be extremely harmful. Eco-problems in the textile industry occur during some production processes and the right to the finished product is transferred. During bleaching and dyeing, the fabric (knitwear) releases toxins that reach our ecosystem. Pollution control is vital for creating products without toxic product effects. It is necessary to produce material that is environmentally friendly or environmentally friendly. The first and most important is the reproducibility of the product. Renewable resources are things that can be renewed in a relatively short time. Another factor is the ecological footprint of resources - how much land (usually measured in hectares) is needed to bring one of the individuals (plants or animals) to full growth and held. The third thing to consider when determining the environmental acceptability of a particular product is how many chemicals are needed for cultivation / processing to be ready for the market. An integrated approach to pollution control is needed to protect the environment. The textile industry has a strong impact on the environment, current practice is unsustainable, companies, environmentalists and consumers are looking for a strategy to reduce the textile waste. Therefore, there is a need for the production of textile materials that are environmentally friendly using various processes such as enzyme technology, plasma technology, super-critical dyeing with carbon dioxide, foam technology, etc.

Author Biography

Miodrag Smelcerovic, Academy of Vocational Studies Southern Serbia, Serbia

Department of Technological Art Studies, Serbia

References

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Published

2021-10-07

How to Cite

Smelcerovic, M. (2021). ECO-TEXTILES THROUGH SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT. KNOWLEDGE - International Journal , 48(4), 728–733. Retrieved from https://ikm.mk/ojs/index.php/kij/article/view/5426

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