DYNAMICS OF QUANTITATIVE STUDIES ON THE ANTIBODIES TO COVID-19 DURING A PANDEMIC

Abstract

In recent years, the population's incidence of nosological units requiring accurate and high-tech clinical
laboratory research have witnessed a significant increase. Such researches are a crucial component of the healing
process of each patient as the results obtained from them help to make a real assessment of the health status of the
body. Without the results of the clinical and laboratory analysis, it is impossible to achieve an accurate diagnosis and
to take effective decisions regarding the health of patients.
At the beginning of 2020, an outbreak of pandemic was declared due to the novel virus being so far unknown,
namely SARS-COV2, which causes the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) – an infectious and systemic disease of the
respiratory tract. COVID-19 has challenged the global health system, the specialists from all fields of medicine, with
an effect on both public health and social and economic activities. The number of patients with COVID-19 has been
accelerating extremely dramatically and exposed health workers to exhaustion. This infection with a Severe Acute
Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is becoming a major topic of medicine and all world
organizations, causing millions deaths worldwide. Unlike some better known variants, such as e Alpha, Beta,
Gamma, Delta, the new Omicron variant (first reported on 24 November 2021) and even more recent versions of
Omicron B4 and Omicron B5, have shown a higher infectivity and a lower efficacy of monoclonal antibody therapy
due to mutations of the receptor-binding domain of the Spike protein. As a result of the global COVID-19 pandemic,
a huge human and financial resource is being used for the purpose of studying this disease – numerous therapeutic
approaches have been studied, the improvement of its diagnosis has been achieved with highly specific, reliable and
affordable clinical laboratory tests. The rapid and accurate diagnosis of the causative agent SARS-CoV-2 in the
situation of COVID-19 pandemic is paramount in the control of the infection both among asymptomatic carriers and
among the sick. The performance of quantitative studies on the creation of antibodies against the virus gives a clear
picture of the immunity achieved after re-illness or vaccination. Despite the efforts made by medical professionals
worldwide, the COVID-19 pandemic will probably accompany Humanity for an indefinite period of time. COVID-
19 is an example of a disease, which requires a multidisciplinary approach for its prevention, diagnosis and
treatment, in which the Clinical Laboratory Discipline and the Clinical Laboratory Research play a core and
important role.