CLINICAL MANIFESTATION OF ORAL INJURIES CAUSED BY FIXED ORTHODONTIC TREATMENT

Abstract

Oral mucosal injuries can occur due to the action of different agents from a physical, chemical or thermal nature. Most often, these types of injuries of the oral mucosa can occur as a result of eating hard and hot food, improper tooth brushing, improper restorative and sharp fillings, injury by the teeth (such as biting the oral mucosa) and other. Injuries to the oral mucosa can be caused by iatrogenic damage during the performance of various dental interventions. Oral injures also can be caused during orthodontic fixed treatment. Based on the aforementioned, the following aim have been created - to realize the enormous importance of oral mucosal injuries through presentation of a three clinical case with mechanical damage to the oral mucosa caused by fixed orthodontic treatment. For the realization of the previously set goal, an appropriate examination was carried out in a private dental office, in Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia. The doctor was specialist in orthodontics. The period of the investigation was between October and November 2022. The set goal was fulfilled with the help of appropriate photos that come from the patients and with them the classic clinical manifestation of the oral mucosal damage is presented. A 23-year-old female patient comes to the office because of oral change present on the buccal mucosa on the right side. Based on the clinical examination and history, it has been concluded that the change on the buccal mucosa is caused by a mechanical cause - briquettes from a fixed orthodontic device. For therapeutic purposes, it was decided that the patient should maintain proper oral hygiene and apply paste for re-epithelialization for several days. Control if needed. An 18-year-old patient comes into the office because of a change in the buccal mucosa. During the anamnesis, the patient reports that the change has been present for one day and that there is pain when the wire from the fixed orthodontic appliance comes into contact with the buccal mucosa. Based on the clinical examination and history, the diagnosis was established- the change is caused by a mechanical cause. For therapy, it was decided to remove the causative agent, and it is expected to epithelialize the change by itself. A 19-year-old female patient comes into the dental office because of a change in the buccal mucosa. Based on the clinical examination and history, it was found that it was change caused by a mechanical cause. For therapy, it was decided to remove the causative agent - shortening the orthodontic arch and it is expected to epithelialize the change by itself. Management of oral injuries or oral lesions present on the oral mucosa is complex, due to the fact that different anatomical parts are involved and the highly contaminated environment to which these lesions are exposed. At the end we can conclude that oral changes occurring during fixed orthodontic treatment are very common. It is of particular importance that the oral changes that occur due to this type of treatment be promptly detected and treated in order to avoid infectious complications.