HEALTH EDUCATION OF STUDENTS AS A PRIORITY OF HEALTH PROMOTION AND HEART RISK PREVENTION
Keywords:
health education, prevention, health promotion, cardiovascular diseases, pupils, risk factorsAbstract
Health is a natural gift, with which a person is born, but it is also a dynamic majesty and can be changed and changed over time. Whether and when the change will happen - depends on our health behavior, attitude to their own health, timely health education, awareness, health culture, lifestyle and ability to deal with negative risk factors - respectively disease prevention. Health education seeks to prevent risks and adverse conditions by persuading people to acquire the right patterns of behavior and health habits that will help deal with them.
The aim of the present study was to establish students' knowledge of risk factors for cardiovascular disease and their impact on the cardiovascular system. The survey was conducted in the period May-June 2021 among 114 pupils aged 12 to 17 from high schools in the city of Sofia. Sociological method, documentary method, statistical method and method of graphic analysis of the obtained results are used.
The conclusions we made are that pupils in the age group 12-17 show good awareness of some of the adjustable risk factors - overweight, unhealthy diet, physical activity, stress and smoking and lack of information about risk factors such as hereditary burden, age, sex, high cholesterol, metabolic syndrome and/or diabetes mellitus. Pupils are aware of the negative effects of smoking and alcohol use, but there is no criticism of school-age health behaviors and there is an optimistic view that the target risk factors are harmful, but only if their exposure is available in old age. Approximately one in four pupils is unaware of the goals of cardiovascular disease prevention and believes that heart risk prevention begins after the age of 40 and/or when one become ill.
The effect of health education measures would be effective if they are taken in a timely manner, from an early age, and the negative impact of individual risk factors and risk factors on the environment is not allowed. Any delay in this regard would be a barrier to achieving the goals of health promotion, because the adjustment of the value system of people in the direction of taking measures to strengthen their health requires much more effort and resources than preventing their harmful effects.
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