CARDIAC REHABILITATION AND RISK MANAGEMENT OF COMPLICATIONS IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Keywords:
cardiac rehabilitation, acute myocardial infarction, risk, managementAbstract
The World Health Organization qualifies Bulgaria as a country with a very high risk of mortality due to cardiovascular diseases. To overcome this negative statistic, effective primary prevention and motivation to change the behavior and lifestyle of the population is needed. Effective coordination and collaboration between primary care facilities, Emergency Medical Centers and 24/7 interventional facilities is important. After that, in order to reduce future complications and an unfavorable outcome of the disease, it is necessary to carry out effective cardiac rehabilitation. Cardiac rehabilitation is defined as a multidisciplinary approach, including effective management and control of risk factors, health education, counseling and providing psychological support to cardiac patients. The aim of the study is to analyze the existing clinical guidelines for cardiac rehabilitation and, based on the scientific data, to summarize the need to develop a Model for the management of the risk of complications in patients with acute myocardial infarction, intended for health care professionals. Materials and methods: For this purpose, a documentary method was used and the specialized medical literature concerning the studied problem was studied. Based on keywords (cardiorehabilitation, secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases, risk prevention after experienced myocardial infarction, a model for prevention and risk management in acute myocardial infarction, Guidelines for the management of acute myocardial infarction) we performed a systematic search in electronic databases and systematized the materials found. Findings and conclusion: There is convincing evidence in the scientific literature for the importance of conducting cardiac rehabilitation in order to prevent future complications, and the involvement of nurses and their benefit has been proven positive. There is a need to develop a risk management model that combines the separate elements of conducting cardiac rehabilitation in patients with acute myocardial infarction and is in line with the modern recommendations of the European Society of Cardiology for conducting cardioprophylaxis.
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