TOXICITY OF FIVE POTASSIUM SALTS TOWARDS DUCKWEED (LEMNA MINOR)
Keywords:
Lemna minor, duckweed, potassium sorbate, potassium nitrate, potassium chloride, potassium metabisulfite, potassium permanganateAbstract
A study about aquatic toxicity of potassium sorbate, potassium nitrate, potassium chloride, potassium permanganate and potassium metabisulfite salts towards Lemna minor (duckweed) was conducted. The examined salts have numerous applications in human areas including in agriculture as fertilizers or as biocide agents. Tested chemicals are completely water soluble, and used in large amounts all over the world which made their impact on water ecosystems significant. Duckweed is a standard test object for ecotoxicological examinations. The results show that all of the tested compounds can be classify as low toxic towards lemna minor. However, two of them potassium metabisulfite and potassium permanganate express more toxic action with LC50 = 41 ppm for potassium metabisulfite and LC50 = 220 ppm for potassium permanganate. Potassium chloride was the lowest toxicity towards tested plants (LC50 = 220 000 ppm). One of the most popular fertilizers in agriculture, potassium nitrate, however, shows toxicity, although at low levels (LC50 = 24 000 ppm). Due to the fact, that the same chemical is used widely in the world as fertilizer in large amounts, its application must be taken into consideration especially nearby small water bodies. One of the most popular food preservatives in the world, potassium sorbate also was found to has (although low) toxicity towards Lemna minor
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