ANALYSIS OF BRAKING SYSTEMS IN MOTOR VEHICLES ON PRACTICAL EXAMPLES

Abstract

Brakes are a device for slowing down or completely stopping a vehicle or other body in motion or for
reducing or completely preventing the acceleration of the body. Brakes produce force or torque in the opposite
direction from the direction of movement or rotation and thus convert the kinetic energy of a moving body into
another form of energy (mainly heat). Three methods are used to transfer force from the control part to the moving
part of the brake: 1. solid connection: today it is rarely used for service brakes, with the exception of bicycles and
motorcycles, and in cars they are mainly used for parking brakes. It takes a lot of force on the brake command to get
the brakes activated enough; 2. hydraulic: applies to cars and light trucks. The brake command pushes the oil that is
piped to the hydraulic cylinders that push the brake linings; 3. air: they are always associated with the installation of
a simple servo mechanism where the brake command controls the valve that opens the way to the compressed air,
and that compressed air then pushes the brake pads. This ensures that a small force is applied to the brake command,
regardless of the size of the brake. The paper presents a comparative analysis of brake parameters on families of
different passenger motor vehicles. The obtained results made it possible to evaluate the quality of brake systems
and to propose the best possible constructive solution from the aspect of brake system dynamics. The values
obtained by measuring according to the stated criteria of analysis are presented in tables and graphs - diagrams that
are within the paper. All passenger motor vehicles have been found to meet the necessary criteria defined by the
rulebook at the technical inspection, but in terms of dynamic parameters they differ